The question is
why. Under Taliban rule, which began in the late 1990s, Afghanistan just about
kicked the growing habit by 2001. After five years the Taliban is slipping back
in, but poppy production has grown by leaps and bounds.
According to the Washington
Post, �Opium production in Afghanistan, which provides more than 90
percent of the world's heroin, broke all records in 2006, reaching a historic
high despite ongoing U.S.-sponsored eradication efforts, the Bush
administration reported yesterday.
�In addition to a
26 percent production increase over the past year -- for a total of 5,644
metric tons -- the amount of land under cultivation in opium poppies grew by 61
percent. Cultivation in the two main production provinces, Helmand in the
southwest and Oruzgan in central Afghanistan, was up by 132 percent.�
With a flair for understatement, White House drug policy chief John
Walters called the news "disappointing." I�d say it was shocking. But
curiously, the �resurgent Taliban forces� were cited �as the main impediment to
stabilization and reconstruction efforts in Afghanistan and the U.S. military
investment has far exceeded anti-narcotic and development programs.�
But Walters went so far as to say �the drug trade as a
problem . . . rivals and in some ways exceeds the Taliban, threatening to
derail other aspects of U.S. policy.� But I thought when those bearded
brigands, the Taliban, were there, poppy production was near nil, 94% gone.
Somehow this brings to mind a Michael Ruppert article,
"The Bush-Cheney Drug Empire,"
published in Nexus Magazine. He wrote, �The Bush family's involvement in
drug-running is an open secret, but Dick Cheney's direct link to a global drug
pipeline through a US construction company is less well known.� Sparing no
toes, Mike takes the next step . . .
From Medellin To Moscow With Brown &
Root
�Halliburton
Corporation's Brown & Root is one of the major components of the
Bush-Cheney Drug Empire. The success of Bush Vice-Presidential running mate
Richard Cheney at leading Halliburton, Inc. to a five-year, US $3.8 billion
'pig-out' on federal contracts and taxpayer-insured loans is only a partial
indicator of what may happen, now that the Bush ticket has won the US
presidential election.�
But is Cheney�s
former company's subsidiary, Brown and Root, involved in Afghanistan as well?
Well, The Center
for Public Integrity reports, �KBR was awarded a $100 million contract
in 2002 to build a new U.S. embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, from the State
Department.� Ah, so. And . . .
�KBR has also been
awarded 15 LOGCAP [Logistics Civil Augmentation Program] task orders worth more
than $216 million for work under �Operation Enduring Freedom,� the military
name for operations in Afghanistan. These include establishing base camps at
Kandahar and Bagram Air Force Base and training foreign troops from the
Republic of Georgia.�
But hasn�t the CIA
traditionally had a hand in Afghanistan�s drug business, going back to the 80s,
and also with the Iran-Contra scam, providing a continuous drug-revenue stream
to what has been called �our shadow government,� sponsor of worldwide dark ops?
Again, according to Ruppert, the Afghanistan opium growing began with the CIA
around that time.
CIA planted the opium currently growing
Ruppert says,
"Before 1980, Afghanistan produced 0% of the world's opium. But then the
CIA moved in, and by 1986 they were producing 40% of the world's heroin supply.
By 1999, they were churning out 3,200 TONS of heroin a year � nearly 80% of the
total market supply. But then something unexpected happened. The Taliban rose
to power, and by 2000 they had destroyed nearly all of the opium fields.
Production dropped from 3,000+ tons to only 185 tons, a 94% reduction! This
enormous drop in revenue subsequently hurt not only the CIA's Black Budget
projects, but also the free-flow of laundered money in and out of the
Controller's banks"
University of
Wisconsin History Professor Alfred McCoy, writing for The
World Traveler, mostly corroborates Ruppert�s views . . ."Within a
few years, the currents of global geopolitics then shifted in ways that pushed
the CIA into new alliances with drug traffickers. In 1979, the Soviets invaded
Afghanistan and the Sandinista revolution seized Nicaragua, prompting two CIA
covert operations with some revealing similarities.
�During the 1980s,
while the Soviets occupied Afghanistan, the CIA, working through Pakistan's
Inter-Service Intelligence, spent some $2 billion to support the Afghan
resistance. When the operation started in 1979, this region grew opium only for
regional markets and produced no heroin.
�Within two years,
however, the Pakistan-Afghanistan borderlands became the world's top heroin
producer, supplying 60 percent of U.S. demand. In Pakistan, the heroin-addict
population went from near zero in 1979 to 5,000 in 1981 and to 1.2 million by
1985-a much steeper rise than in any other nation.
�CIA assets again
controlled this heroin trade. As the Mujaheddin guerrillas seized territory
inside Afghanistan, they ordered peasants to plant opium as a revolutionary
tax. Across the border in Pakistan, Afghan leaders and local syndicates under
the protection of Pakistan Intelligence operated hundreds of heroin
laboratories. During this decade of wide-open drug-dealing, the U.S. Drug
Enforcement Agency in Islamabad failed to instigate major seizures or arrests.
�In May 1990, as
the CIA operation was winding down, The Washington
Post published a front-page expose charging that Gulbudin Hekmatar, the
ClA's favored Afghan leader, was a major heroin manufacturer. The Post argued,
in a manner similar to the San Jose Mercury News's later report about the
contras, that U.S. officials had refused to investigate charges of heroin
dealing by its Afghan allies �because U.S. narcotics policy in Afghanistan has
been subordinated to the war against Soviet influence there.��
Bottom line
So, I guess we
�inspired� the Afghans to grow heroin, we exported it to finance dark ops,
including a full-scale war. Therefore the miracle of the poppies popping back
this year must be what, an accident, an ill wind that blows no good, the testy
Taliban or those warlock warlords who fought with us once, or conceivably the
favorite U.S. contractor, Brown and Root, in the middle of some larger CIA
effort?
Returning for an
answer to the Washington
Post article, its author Karen
DeYoung reported that �Gen. James L. Jones, supreme allied NATO commander said
in a recent speech at the Council on Foreign Relations, Afghanistan is NATO�s
biggest operation with more than 30,000 troops. Drug cartels with their own
armies engage in regular combat with NATO forces deployed in Afghanistan. He
said, �It would be wrong to say that it is just the Taliban. I think I need to
set that record straight.�� Well all right. We like straight talk.
DeYoung also
reports, CIA Director Michael V. Hayden told Congress last month, �It�s almost
the devil�s own problem . . . Right now the issue is stability. . . . Going in
there in itself and attacking the drug trade actually feeds the instability that
you want to overcome.� You�ll excuse me while I go and think about that one,
�the devil�s own problem.� And who would that devil be?
Lt. Gen. Michael D.
Maples, director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, agrees. He said,
�Attacking the problem directly in terms of the drug trade . . . would
undermine the attempt to gain popular support in the region. There�s a real
conflict I think.� I think so, too. The conflict seems to be between the people
who seeded and grew the opium business and who are now faced with losing their
profits from it completely.
We also have Afghan
President Hamid Karzai noting that, �once we thought terrorism was
Afghanistan�s biggest enemy . . ." I believe that was a Bush-Cheney
proposition, not �we� as in all of America�s citizens. Part of that supposition
was that we needed to attack the country because it was �harboring� bin Laden
and his baddies. To date, bin Laden eludes his pursuers. The president claims
he is no longer important. And to finish President Karzai�s quote, now he says
�poppy, its cultivation and drugs are Afghanistan�s major enemy.� Aha.
So let�s go get the
purveyors. But DeYoung tells us, �Eradication and alternative development
programs have made little discernible headway. Cultivation -- measured annually
with high-resolution satellite imagery that is then parsed by analysts using
specialized computer software -- is nearly double its highest pre-Karzai
level.�
So what does that
expensively mined data really tell us? Perhaps, aside from friends at his
former employer, Unocal, the pipeline folks, President Karzai may have more
friends at the seemingly befuddled CIA, not to mention Halliburton subsidiary
Brown and Root, the ineffable Mr. Cheney�s former firm.
Perhaps that was
stated more delicately by Karen DeYoung: �After the overthrow of the Taliban
government by U.S. forces in the fall of that year [2001], the Bush
administration said that keeping a lid on production among its highest
priorities. But corruption and alliances
formed by Washington and the Afghan government with anti-Taliban tribal
chieftains, some of whom are believed to be deeply involved in the trade,
undercut the effort.� The italics are mine. The sin is theirs.
Jerry Mazza is a
freelance writer living in New York. Reach him at gvmaz@verizon.net.